Amsterdam. Rijksmuseum.

Left: ‘Portrait of Emperor Napoleon I’ (c. 1805 – c. 1815) by François-Pascal Simon, Baron Gérard.

Right: ‘The Battle of Waterloo’ (1824) by Jan Willem Pieneman. “The Battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday, 18 June 1815, near Waterloo in present-day Belgium, then part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. A French army under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte was defeated by two of the armies of the Seventh Coalition: a British-led Allied army under the command of the Duke of Wellington, and a Prussian army under the command of Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Prince of Wahlstatt. The battle marked the end of the 20 year Napoleonic Wars.”